Baggage compensation

Compensation depends on proof, not a flat payout.

The treaty ceiling matters, but a successful claim starts with the loss you can demonstrate, the deadline you meet and the documents that connect the problem to your journey.

Reviewed 1 September 2026

01

The 1,519 SDR figure is a ceiling

ICAO increased the Montreal Convention limit for destruction, loss, damage or delay of baggage from 1,288 to 1,519 Special Drawing Rights with effect from 28 December 2024. The limit is generally per passenger, not per bag.

It does not guarantee payment of 1,519 SDR. An airline assesses the reasonable expense or proven current value of the loss, subject to the rules that apply to the journey. SDR exchange rates change, so avoid publishing or relying on a fixed pound equivalent.

02

Different problems need different proof

  • Delay: necessary, proportionate expenses and dated itemised receipts.
  • Loss: an item-by-item inventory with age, condition and evidence of value.
  • Damage: airport report, clear photographs, proof of age/value and a repair assessment.
  • Missing contents: photographs, inventory evidence and details of when the bag was under airline control.

03

Put the main deadlines in writing

Where the Montreal Convention applies, a written complaint for damage must generally be made within seven days of receiving the baggage. A written delay complaint must generally be made within 21 days of the date the baggage was returned.

The Convention generally extinguishes the right to damages if court action is not brought within two years, with the calculation governed by the law of the court hearing the case. Airline and insurance notice requirements can be much shorter, so act promptly.

04

Compare the airline and insurance routes

Travel insurance may cover items or situations differently and may apply an excess. Ask what documents the insurer needs before accepting a settlement. You cannot be compensated twice for the same loss, but one route may cover a shortfall that the other legitimately excludes.

If the airline rejects a well-supported claim, use its complaints process and ask whether an approved alternative dispute resolution body covers it. The UK CAA explains when its Passenger Advice and Complaints Team may be able to help.

Common questions

What passengers ask next.

How much compensation can I get for baggage?

On a journey covered by the Montreal Convention, 1,519 SDR is generally the maximum liability per passenger for destruction, loss, damage or delay of baggage. It is not an automatic payment, and proven loss may be lower.

Is the limit per bag or per passenger?

The Montreal Convention baggage limit is per passenger, not per suitcase. It generally covers the combined baggage claim, including relevant delay expenses.

What are Special Drawing Rights?

SDRs are an international reserve asset and unit of account maintained by the International Monetary Fund. Their value in pounds and other currencies changes over time.

Does filling in a PIR count as a claim?

Do not assume so. A PIR normally starts the tracing or damage record, while the airline may require a separate written claim with receipts, values and supporting evidence.